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| IJCEM Copyright © 2008-All rights reserved. Published by e-Century Publishing Corporation, Madison, WI 53711 |
Int J Clin Exp Med 2013;6(4):239-251
Review Article
The effect of vascular endothelial growth factor in the progression of bladder cancer
and diabetic retinopathy
Yousef H Aldebasi, Arshad H Rahmani, Amjad A Khan, Salah Mesalhy Aly
Department of optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical laboratories,
College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Vet. Medicene, Suez canal
University, Ismailia, Egypt
Received February 25, 2013; Accepted March 12, 2013; Epub April 12, 2013; Published April 30, 2013
Abstract: Bladder cancer and diabetic retinopathy is a major public health and economical burden worldwide. Despite its high
prevalence, the molecular mechanisms that induce or develop bladder carcinomas and diabetic retinopathy progression are poorly
understood but it might be due to the disturbance in balance between angiogenic factors such as VEGF and antiangiogenic factors
such as pigment epithelium derived growth factor. VEGF is one of the important survival factors for endothelial cells in the process of
normal physiological and abnormal angiogenesis and induce the expression of antiapoptotic proteins in the endothelial cells. It is also
the major initiator of angiogenesis in cancer and diabetic retinopathy, where it is up-regulated by oncogenic expression and different
type of growth factors. The alteration in VEGF and VEGF receptors gene and overexpression, determines a diseases phenotype and
ultimately the patient’s clinical outcome. However, expressional and molecular studies were made on VEGF to understand the exact
mechanism of action in the genesis and progression of bladder carcinoma and diabetic retinopathy , but still how VEGF mechanism
involve in such type of disease progression are not well defined. Some other factors also play a significant role in the process of
activation of VEGF pathways. Therefore, further detailed analysis via molecular and therapeutic is needed to know the exact
mechanisms of VEGF in the angiogenesis pathway. The detection of these types of diseases at an early stage, predict how it will
behave and act in response to treatment through regulation of VEGF pathways. The present review aimed to summarize the
mechanism of alteration of VEGF gene pathways, which play a vital role in the development and progression of bladder cancer and
diabetic retinopathy. (IJCEM1302008).
Keywords: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), bladder cancer, diabetic retinopathy, progression
Address correspondence to: Dr. Arshad H Rahmani, Department of Medical Laboratory science, College of Applied Medical Sciences,
Qassim University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail: rehmani.arshad@gmail.com
Review Article
The effect of vascular endothelial growth factor in the progression of bladder cancer
and diabetic retinopathy
Yousef H Aldebasi, Arshad H Rahmani, Amjad A Khan, Salah Mesalhy Aly
Department of optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical laboratories,
College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Vet. Medicene, Suez canal
University, Ismailia, Egypt
Received February 25, 2013; Accepted March 12, 2013; Epub April 12, 2013; Published April 30, 2013
Abstract: Bladder cancer and diabetic retinopathy is a major public health and economical burden worldwide. Despite its high
prevalence, the molecular mechanisms that induce or develop bladder carcinomas and diabetic retinopathy progression are poorly
understood but it might be due to the disturbance in balance between angiogenic factors such as VEGF and antiangiogenic factors
such as pigment epithelium derived growth factor. VEGF is one of the important survival factors for endothelial cells in the process of
normal physiological and abnormal angiogenesis and induce the expression of antiapoptotic proteins in the endothelial cells. It is also
the major initiator of angiogenesis in cancer and diabetic retinopathy, where it is up-regulated by oncogenic expression and different
type of growth factors. The alteration in VEGF and VEGF receptors gene and overexpression, determines a diseases phenotype and
ultimately the patient’s clinical outcome. However, expressional and molecular studies were made on VEGF to understand the exact
mechanism of action in the genesis and progression of bladder carcinoma and diabetic retinopathy , but still how VEGF mechanism
involve in such type of disease progression are not well defined. Some other factors also play a significant role in the process of
activation of VEGF pathways. Therefore, further detailed analysis via molecular and therapeutic is needed to know the exact
mechanisms of VEGF in the angiogenesis pathway. The detection of these types of diseases at an early stage, predict how it will
behave and act in response to treatment through regulation of VEGF pathways. The present review aimed to summarize the
mechanism of alteration of VEGF gene pathways, which play a vital role in the development and progression of bladder cancer and
diabetic retinopathy. (IJCEM1302008).
Keywords: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), bladder cancer, diabetic retinopathy, progression
Address correspondence to: Dr. Arshad H Rahmani, Department of Medical Laboratory science, College of Applied Medical Sciences,
Qassim University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail: rehmani.arshad@gmail.com
