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Int J Clin Exp Med 2013;6(6): 423-430
Original Article
An in vitro investigation of wear resistance and hardness of composite resins
Liqun Cao, Xinyi Zhao, Xu Gong, Shouliang Zhao
School of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China; School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi´an
710032, China
Received May 13, 2013; Accepted June 6, 2013; Epub June 26, 2013; Published July 1, 2013
Abstract: Purpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate the wear resistance and hardness of five kinds of composite
resins. Materials and Methods: Sixty-five specimens were fabricated with one nano-hybrid (Charisma Diamond), two micro-hybrid
(3MZ250, Clearfil AP-X) and two packable (3MP60, Surefil) composite resins, according to a randomized complete block design (n=13,
8 for wear test; 5 for hardness test). The composites were filled in a rectangular mold, and light polymerization. After storage in 37°C
deionized water for 24h, all specimens were tested with a custom-made toothbrush machine with a stainless-steel ball as antagonist
(3N loads, 1Hz, 6×105 cycles) immersed in calcium fluoride slurry. Wear volume, hardness and surface structure of each tested
material was examined by a three-dimensional non-contact optical profilometer, Vickers indentation technique and scanning electron
microscope. Results: The volume loss ranked from least to most as follows: Charisma Diamond, P60, Z250, Clearfil AP-X and Surefil.
Regarding hardness, the rank from highest to lowest as follows: Clearfil AP-X, P60, Surefil, Z250, Charisma Diamond. The interactions
between wear resistance and microhardness were not significant. Conclusions: The custom-made machine is considered suitable to
simulate sliding of an antagonist cusp on an opposing occlusal composite restoration. Nanofilled composite may have superior wear
compared to other composite resins. (IJCEM1305005).
Keywords: Composite resins, hardness, wear resistance
Address correspondence to: Shouliang Zhao, School of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China. E-mail:
slzhao@Tongji.edu.cn
Original Article
An in vitro investigation of wear resistance and hardness of composite resins
Liqun Cao, Xinyi Zhao, Xu Gong, Shouliang Zhao
School of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China; School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi´an
710032, China
Received May 13, 2013; Accepted June 6, 2013; Epub June 26, 2013; Published July 1, 2013
Abstract: Purpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate the wear resistance and hardness of five kinds of composite
resins. Materials and Methods: Sixty-five specimens were fabricated with one nano-hybrid (Charisma Diamond), two micro-hybrid
(3MZ250, Clearfil AP-X) and two packable (3MP60, Surefil) composite resins, according to a randomized complete block design (n=13,
8 for wear test; 5 for hardness test). The composites were filled in a rectangular mold, and light polymerization. After storage in 37°C
deionized water for 24h, all specimens were tested with a custom-made toothbrush machine with a stainless-steel ball as antagonist
(3N loads, 1Hz, 6×105 cycles) immersed in calcium fluoride slurry. Wear volume, hardness and surface structure of each tested
material was examined by a three-dimensional non-contact optical profilometer, Vickers indentation technique and scanning electron
microscope. Results: The volume loss ranked from least to most as follows: Charisma Diamond, P60, Z250, Clearfil AP-X and Surefil.
Regarding hardness, the rank from highest to lowest as follows: Clearfil AP-X, P60, Surefil, Z250, Charisma Diamond. The interactions
between wear resistance and microhardness were not significant. Conclusions: The custom-made machine is considered suitable to
simulate sliding of an antagonist cusp on an opposing occlusal composite restoration. Nanofilled composite may have superior wear
compared to other composite resins. (IJCEM1305005).
Keywords: Composite resins, hardness, wear resistance
Address correspondence to: Shouliang Zhao, School of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China. E-mail:
slzhao@Tongji.edu.cn
